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Cialis Tadalafil Citrate
Pharmaceutical Name: Tadalafil Citrate
Drug Classification: Long-Acting Type 5 Phosphodiesterase Isoenzyme
Inhibitor
Active Life: 36-48 hours
Long-acting type 5 phosphodiesterase isoenzyme inhibitors are a class of drugs
currently prescribed for the treatment of erectile dysfunction in males.
Tadalafil citrate was made available after the initial drug, sildenafil
citrate, had been on the market for several years. While sharing many of the
pharmacokinetic properties and type 5 phosphodiesterase isoenzyme inhibitory
activity profiles (1), there are several differences in the actions of the
drugs although for the most part the results experienced by the user are
relatively the same. The major difference between the drugs is the active life
of tadalafil citrate. By extending the active life of the drug to
approximately thirty-six to forty-eight hours, this allows users to be far
less restricted in their dosing protocol and, for lack of a better word,
spontaneity.
For the purposes of steroid users the use of tadalafil citrate is rather
limited beyond that of a �recreational� purpose. One exception to this may be
once a steroid user is coming off of anabolic-androgenic steroids and have
suffered a significant reduction in their ability to perform sexually and/or
their sex drive. The use of drugs such as tadalafil citrate can help to
alleviate some of the difficulty many have during this period of time.
Type 5 phosphodiesterase isoenzyme inhibitors such as tadalafil citrate work
by causing the smooth-muscles to relax in the cavernosal arteries. This in
turn allows penile vasodilation and erection to occur in response to sexual
stimuli (1, 2). This response allows one to achieve and maintain an erection
and will help with doing so for a number of causes of the erectile
dysfunction.
The effects produced by type 5 phosphodiesterase isoenzyme inhibitors can
include other benefits such as a reduction in blood pressure and exhibiting
other cardioprotective properties. This reduction in blood pressure includes a
lowering of arterial pressure, systolic and diastolic (3, 4). Other heart
protecting effects such as an improvement in atherosclerotic disease and
endothelial function can also be observed with sustained use of the drug (5).
These benefits, while having been proven under clinical settings, have not
been put into practice in any substantive way by medical professionals on any
large scale.
Nearly all of the research and scientific study of the drug tadalafil citrate
has been conducted using male subjects. A small number of studies however have
been done with female users. For the most part these studies have indicated
that for the purpose of sexual function there appears to be a benefit that
females could render from the use of tadalafil citrate (6); at this time
however not enough research has been completed to be able to make
recommendations about the safe and effective use of tadalafil citrate for
females.
Use/Dosing of Cialis Tadalafil Citrate>
For most users, doses ranging between ten to forty milligrams should be
sufficient to achieve the desired results, but as always users may use larger
doses depending on their tolerance for the drug and/or their specific needs.
The active life of tadalafil citrate is thirty-six to forty-eight hours (7);
this long active life of course being one of the benefits of the drug and a
half-life of approximately seventeen and one half hours (2), therefore one
dose should be adequate for three or four days unless the user believes that
the initial dosage that was administered was not enough to produce the
expected results. This means that at most two or three doses per week would be
the absolute maximum that a user would need to administer.
The majority of the commercially available forms of tadalafil citrate is
produced and marketed as either tablets or capsules. Some underground and
non-pharmaceutical company producers however also produce liquid products
containing the drug. All of these products are ingested orally.
In terms of the duration with which a user can administer tadalafil citrate
without experiencing any negative side effects, it appears that the drug can
be used continuously for months on end without the user building a tolerance
to the drug (8). Studies conducted beyond several months have not yet been
conducted however. As well, these studies have not taken into account possible
psychological addiction/reliance to this drug and similar ones. Despite this
however there is no evidence at this time that indicates physical and/or
mental reliance on these drugs are an issue with which a user would have to
concern them self with, at least at this current time.
Risks/Side Effects of using Cialis Tadalafil Citrate
For the most part tadalafil citrate is well tolerated by the vast majority of
users, but some risks do exist. The most commonly referred to side effect is
long lasting erections requiring medical intervention. These are relatively
rare and are almost never seen when a user is using the correct dosage of the
drug. But if such a condition does arise the user should seek medical
attention as significant physical harm can come to the user if they allow the
symptom to persist for a lengthy period of time.
A more dramatic and concerning negative side effect that has more recently
been publicized to a great extent is visual impairment linked to the use of
type 5 phosphodiesterase isoenzyme inhibitors such as tadalafil citrate. This
visual impairment is caused when blood flow to the optic nerve is disrupted; a
condition known as nonarteritic ischemic optic neuropathy (9). This condition
appears to be possible with all type 5 phosphodiesterase isoenzyme inhibitors
used to treat erectile dysfunction. It is extremely rare in it�s occurrences
in users of the drugs but has been linked in some cases of the condition. The
direct causal connection between the drugs and nonarteritic ischemic optic
neuropathy has not been established however. If a user is to develop eyesight
difficulty while using tadalafil citrate they should consult with a physician
as soon as possible.
As indicated earlier, tadalafil citrate has the ability to help lower blood
pressure in some users (4). This positive effect is counteracted however by
the possibility of causing problematic drops in blood pressure in users with
already relatively low blood pressure readings. For this reason users who have
low blood pressure should at the very least be careful when administering the
drug and in the more severe cases of the condition should avoid the drug
completely.
References
1. Mehrotra N, Gupta M, Kovar A, Meibohm B. The role of
pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor
therapy. Int J Impot Res. 2006 Sep 21.
2. Wright PJ. Comparison of phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors. Int J
Clin Pract. 2006 Aug;60(8):967-75.
3. Sesti C, Florio V, Johnson EG, Kloner RA. The phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor
tadalafil reduces myocardial infarct size. Int J Impot Res. 2006 Jul 20.
4. Patterson D, McInnes GT, Webster J, Mitchell MM, Macdonald TM. Influence of
a single dose of 20 mg tadalafil, a phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor, on
ambulatory blood pressure in subjects with hypertension. Br J Clin Pharmacol.
2006 Sep;62(3):280-7.
5. Aversa A, Greco E, Bruzziches R, Pili M, Rosano G, Spera G. Relationship
between chronic tadalafil administration and improvement of endothelial
function in men with erectile dysfunction: a pilot study. Int J Impot Res.
2006 Aug 31.
6. Mayer M, Stief CG, Truss MC, Uckert S. Phosphodiesterase inhibitors in
female sexual dysfunction. World J Urol. 2005 Dec;23(6):393-7.
7. Young JM, Feldman RA, Auerbach SM, Kaufman JM, Garcia CS, Shen W, Murphy
AM, Beasley CM Jr, Hague JA, Ahuja S. Tadalafil improved erectile function at
twenty-four and thirty-six hours after dosing in men with erectile
dysfunction: US trial. J Androl. 2005 May-Jun;26(3):310-8.
8. McMahon CG, Carson CC, Fischer CJ, Wang WC, Florio VA, Bradley JD.
Tolerance to the therapeutic effect of tadalafil does not occur during 6
months of treatment: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in
men with erectile dysfunction. J Sex Med. 2006 May;3(3):504-11.
9. Wooltorton E. Visual loss with erectile dysfunction medications. CMAJ. 2006
Aug 15;175(4):355.
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